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How GPCR activation works

Lecture 7.pdfNotes — signaling pathways

Think of a GPCR as a doorbell on the cell surface. When the right messenger (ligand) rings it, the receptor twists and hands a fresh GTP to its G-protein partner. That charged G-protein walks inside the cell and turns enzymes on or off—often adenylyl cyclase, which makes the second messenger cAMP.

Grounded points

Ligand binding changes GPCR shape (Lecture 7).
Activated receptor catalyzes GDP→GTP exchange on Gα (Lecture 7).
Gα-GTP modulates effectors; cAMP is a common second messenger (Lecture 7 + notes).
Amplification happens at each step; phosphodiesterases help shut the signal down (notes).

Study session

One loop. Real course.

01Keep the materials that match this week active.
02Explain a sticky concept in plain language.
03Quiz yourself, then summarize what to revise.

Active sources

Lecture 7.pdf
Ligand binding induces a conformational change in G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The activated receptor catalyzes GDP→GTP exchange on the Gα subunit, which then dissociates and modulates effectors such as adenylyl cyclase.
Slides Week 5
Vmax is the asymptotic maximum velocity when enzyme is saturated. Km is the substrate concentration at half-maximal velocity and approximates affinity under simplifying assumptions.
Notes — signaling pathways
Class notes: map the GPCR → Gαs → adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → PKA chain. Remember amplification at each step and how phosphodiesterases terminate the signal.

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